This session will provide a review of the research exploring the safety and efficacy of probiotics for both disease prevention and treatment in children. Disease prevention will focus on necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants, atopic dermatitis, and antibiotic associated diarrhea. Areas of potential treatment covered will include acute diarrhea, atopic dermatitis, as well as adjunctive use in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori and Giardia lamblia.